Inflation Germany 2021

Average inflation: 3.1%

Current Inflation

Inflation is high at 3.1%, well above the ECB target.

Peak and Trough

The highest inflation was in December at 4.9%. The lowest inflation was in January at 1.2%.

Highest month
December: 4.9%
Lowest month
January: 1.2%
Difference
3.7 percentage points
Months with data
12 of 12

Category Insights

The highest price increase was in Transport with an average of 7.7%. The lowest price increase was in Communication with an average of -0.6%.

Highest increase
Transport: 7.7%
Lowest increase
Communication: -0.6%

Historical Context

Current inflation is 1.5% higher than the 5-year average of 1.6%. This approaches the highest level since records began (3.1% in 2021).

5-year average
1.6%
10-year average
1.3%
All-time high (2021)
3.1%
All-time low (2020)
0.2%

Trend

Inflation shows an upward trend. Compared to 2020, inflation has risen by +2.9 percentage point.

Change vs. previous year
+2.9 percentage points
Largest monthly swing
December: +5.5 percentage points

ECB Target

Inflation is 1.1% above the ECB target of 2.0%. This means purchasing power is declining faster than intended.

Purchasing Power

At this inflation rate, purchasing power noticeably decreases. Without a salary increase, you can buy less with the same money.

What you could buy for €100 this year will cost approximately €103.10 next year at this inflation rate.

Multi-year trend

Monthly figures 2021

Inflation by category

Food and non-alcoholic beverages
3.1%
+0.0vs avg.
More details →
Alcoholic beverages, tobacco and narcotics
3.6%
+0.5vs avg.
More details →
Clothing and footwear
1.5%
-1.6vs avg.
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Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels
1.7%
-1.4vs avg.
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Furnishings, household equipment and maintenance
2.7%
-0.4vs avg.
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Health
0.5%
-2.6vs avg.
More details →
Transport
7.7%
+4.6vs avg.
More details →
Communication
-0.6%
-3.7vs avg.
More details →
Recreation and culture
2.8%
-0.3vs avg.
More details →
Education
2.5%
-0.6vs avg.
More details →
Restaurants and hotels
2.7%
-0.4vs avg.
More details →
Miscellaneous goods and services
3.8%
+0.7vs avg.
More details →

Inflation differs per product group. Click on a category for the historical trend.

Month overview

Month Inflation Difference vs. 2020
January 1.2% -0.5
February 1.5% -0.2
March 1.8% +0.3
April 2.0% +1.4
May 2.2% +1.8
June 2.4% +2.2
July 3.7% +4.7
August 3.8% +4.7
September 4.1% +5.0
October 4.4% +5.1
November 4.8% +5.0
December 4.9% +5.5
Average 3.1%

Data source

Data from OECD. Last updated: 11/01/2026.

See also