Inflation Japan 1978

Average inflation: 4.2%

Current Inflation

Inflation is high at 4.2%, well above the ECB target.

Peak and Trough

The highest inflation was in March at 4.8%. The lowest inflation was in October at 3.7%.

Highest month
March: 4.8%
Lowest month
October: 3.7%
Difference
1.1 percentage points
Months with data
12 of 12

Category Insights

The highest price increase was in Education with an average of 12.4%. The lowest price increase was in Furnishings, household equipment and maintenance with an average of 1.8%.

Highest increase
Education: 12.4%
Lowest increase
Furnishings, household equipment and maintenance: 1.8%

Historical Context

Current inflation is 7.2% lower than the 5-year average of 11.4%. This approaches the lowest level since records began (4.2% in 1978).

5-year average
11.4%
10-year average
9.6%
All-time high (1974)
23.2%
All-time low (1978)
4.2%

Trend

Inflation shows a downward trend. Compared to 1977, inflation has fallen by +4.0 percentage point.

Change vs. previous year
-4.0 percentage points
Largest monthly swing
May: -5.5 percentage points

ECB Target

Inflation is 2.2% above the ECB target of 2.0%. This means purchasing power is declining faster than intended.

Purchasing Power

At this inflation rate, purchasing power noticeably decreases. Without a salary increase, you can buy less with the same money.

What you could buy for €100 this year will cost approximately €104.20 next year at this inflation rate.

Multi-year trend

Monthly figures 1978

Inflation by category

Food and non-alcoholic beverages
3.1%
-1.1vs avg.
More details →
Alcoholic beverages, tobacco and narcotics
4.8%
+0.6vs avg.
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Clothing and footwear
3.6%
-0.6vs avg.
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Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels
5.7%
+1.5vs avg.
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Furnishings, household equipment and maintenance
1.8%
-2.4vs avg.
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Health
9.7%
+5.5vs avg.
More details →
Communication
3.3%
-0.9vs avg.
More details →
Recreation and culture
4.7%
+0.5vs avg.
More details →
Education
12.4%
+8.2vs avg.
More details →
Restaurants and hotels
4.4%
+0.2vs avg.
More details →

Inflation differs per product group. Click on a category for the historical trend.

Month overview

Month Inflation Difference vs. 1977
January 4.5% -4.9
February 4.5% -4.8
March 4.8% -4.7
April 4.2% -4.6
May 3.9% -5.5
June 3.9% -4.7
July 4.6% -3.1
August 4.6% -4.0
September 4.1% -3.6
October 3.7% -3.9
November 3.8% -2.7
December 3.9% -1.1
Average 4.2%

Data source

Data from OECD. Last updated: 11/01/2026.

See also